maki/Maki/Discord.cs

using Maki.Gateway;
using Maki.Rest;
using Maki.Structures.Channels;
using Maki.Structures.Gateway;
using Maki.Structures.Guilds;
using Maki.Structures.Messages;
using Maki.Structures.Presences;
using Maki.Structures.Roles;
using Maki.Structures.Users;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;

namespace Maki
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Discord Client
    /// </summary>
    public class Discord : IDisposable
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Discord Gateway/API version we're targeting
        /// </summary>
        internal const int GATEWAY_VERSION = 6;

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether this client is a bot
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsBot => TokenType == DiscordTokenType.Bot;

        /// <summary>
        /// Token type, bot and user connections are handled differently
        /// </summary>
        public DiscordTokenType TokenType = DiscordTokenType.Bot;

        #region Token

        /// <summary>
        /// Discord token
        /// </summary>
        public string Token {
            get => token;
            
            set
            {
                token = value;
                WebRequest.Authorisation = (IsBot ? "Bot " : string.Empty) + token;
            }
        }

        private string token = string.Empty;

        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// Gateway Url
        /// </summary>
        internal string Gateway { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gateway shard client
        /// </summary>
        internal readonly GatewayShardClient ShardClient;

        #region Containers
        
        internal readonly ServerManager ServerManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Servers we're in
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordServer> Servers => ServerManager.Items;

        internal readonly UserManager UserManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Users we are affiliated with
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordUser> Users => UserManager.Items;

        internal readonly MemberManager MemberManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Members of servers, different from users!
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordMember> Members => MemberManager.Items;
 
        internal readonly RoleManager RoleManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Roles in servers
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordRole> Roles => RoleManager.Items;

        internal readonly ChannelManager ChannelManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Channels
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordChannel> Channels => ChannelManager.Items;

        internal readonly MessageManager MessageManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Messages
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<DiscordMessage> Messages => MessageManager.Items;

        #endregion

        #region Events
        /// <summary>
        /// A channel has been created
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordChannel> OnChannelCreate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A channel has been updated
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordChannel> OnChannelUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A channel has been deleted
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordChannel> OnChannelDelete;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone has been banned from a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordUser, DiscordServer> OnBanAdd;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone's ban has been lifted from a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordUser, DiscordServer> OnBanRemove;

        /// <summary>
        /// A server has been created
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordServer> OnServerCreate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A server has been updated
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordServer> OnServerUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A server has been deleted
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordServer> OnServerDelete;

        /// <summary>
        /// A server's emoji set has been updated
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordServer> OnEmojisUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone joined a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMember> OnMemberAdd;

        /// <summary>
        /// A server member has been updated
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMember> OnMemberUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone left a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMember> OnMemberRemove;

        /// <summary>
        /// A user role has been created in a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordRole> OnRoleCreate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A user role has been updated in a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordRole> OnRoleUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A user role has been deleted in a server
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordRole> OnRoleDelete;

        /// <summary>
        /// A message has been received
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMessage> OnMessageCreate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A message has been edited
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMessage> OnMessageUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// A message has been deleted
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMessage> OnMessageDelete;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone started typing, fired again after 8 seconds
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordUser, DiscordChannel> OnTypingStart;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone's status and/or game updated
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordMember> OnPresenceUpdate;

        /// <summary>
        /// Fired when the connection was successful and we're currently logged into Discord
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordUser> OnReady;

        /// <summary>
        /// Someone updated their account
        /// </summary>
        public event Action<DiscordUser> OnUserUpdate;
        #endregion

        public DiscordUser Me => UserManager.Items.FirstOrDefault();

        private DiscordParams Params;

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructor
        /// </summary>
        public Discord(DiscordParams parameters = null)
        {
            Params = parameters ?? new DiscordParams();
            ShardClient = new GatewayShardClient(this);

            UserManager = new UserManager();
            RoleManager = new RoleManager();
            MemberManager = new MemberManager();
            ChannelManager = new ChannelManager();
            MessageManager = new MessageManager();
            ServerManager = new ServerManager();

            #region Assigning event handlers
            ShardClient.OnChannelCreate += ShardManager_OnChannelCreate;
            ShardClient.OnChannelUpdate += ShardManager_OnChannelUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnChannelDelete += ShardManager_OnChannelDelete;

            ShardClient.OnGuildBanAdd += ShardManager_OnGuildBanAdd;
            ShardClient.OnGuildBanRemove += ShardManager_OnGuildBanRemove;
            ShardClient.OnGuildCreate += ShardManager_OnGuildCreate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildDelete += ShardManager_OnGuildDelete;
            ShardClient.OnGuildUpdate += ShardManager_OnGuildUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildEmojisUpdate += ShardManager_OnGuildEmojisUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildMemberAdd += ShardManager_OnGuildMemberAdd;
            ShardClient.OnGuildMemberUpdate += ShardManager_OnGuildMemberUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildMemberRemove += ShardManager_OnGuildMemberRemove;
            ShardClient.OnGuildRoleCreate += ShardManager_OnGuildRoleCreate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildRoleDelete += ShardManager_OnGuildRoleDelete;
            ShardClient.OnGuildRoleUpdate += ShardManager_OnGuildRoleUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildIntegrationsUpdate += ShardManager_OnGuildIntegrationsUpdate;
            ShardClient.OnGuildMembersChunk += ShardManager_OnGuildMembersChunk;

            ShardClient.OnMessageCreate += ShardManager_OnMessageCreate;
            ShardClient.OnMessageDelete += ShardManager_OnMessageDelete;
            ShardClient.OnMessageUpdate += ShardManager_OnMessageUpdate;

            ShardClient.OnTypingStart += ShardManager_OnTypingStart;
            ShardClient.OnPresenceUpdate += ShardManager_OnPresenceUpdate;

            ShardClient.OnReady += ShardManager_OnReady;
            ShardClient.OnResumed += ShardManager_OnResumed;

            ShardClient.OnUserUpdate += ShardManager_OnUserUpdate;

            ShardClient.OnSocketOpen += ShardManager_OnSocketOpen;
            ShardClient.OnSocketClose += ShardManager_OnSocketClose;
            ShardClient.OnSocketError += ShardManager_OnSocketError;
            ShardClient.OnSocketMessage += ShardManager_OnSocketMessage;
            #endregion
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Connects to Discord using the token assigned to Token
        /// </summary>
        public void Connect()
        {
            int shards = 1;

            using (WebRequest wr = new WebRequest(HttpMethod.GET, IsBot ? RestEndpoints.GatewayBot : RestEndpoints.Gateway))
            {
                wr.Perform();

                if (wr.Status != 200)
                    throw new DiscordException("Failed to retrieve gateway url, is your token valid?");

                GatewayInfo gi = wr.ResponseJson<GatewayInfo>();

                Gateway = gi.Url;

                if (gi.Shards.HasValue)
                    shards = gi.Shards.Value;
            }

            if (Gateway.Contains("?"))
                Gateway = Gateway.Substring(0, Gateway.IndexOf('?'));

            if (!Gateway.EndsWith("/"))
                Gateway += "/";

            for (int i = 0; i < shards; i++)
                ShardClient.Create(i);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Connects to Discord using a provided token and token type
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="token"></param>
        /// <param name="type"></param>
        public void Connect(string token, DiscordTokenType type = DiscordTokenType.Bot)
        {
            TokenType = type;
            Token = token;
            Connect();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Disconnects from Discord, use Dispose instead if you're not restarting the connection
        /// </summary>
        public void Disconnect()
        {
            ShardClient.Disconnect();
            Token = string.Empty;
            Gateway = string.Empty;
        }

        #region Event Handlers

        private void ShardManager_OnChannelCreate(GatewayShard shard, Channel channel)
        {
            Debug.Assert(channel.GuildId.HasValue, "Guild ID does not have a value?");
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(channel.GuildId ?? 0);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "Target guild/server was not present in ServerManager");

            DiscordChannel chan = new DiscordChannel(this, channel, server);
            ChannelManager.Add(chan);
            OnChannelCreate?.Invoke(chan);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnChannelUpdate(GatewayShard shard, Channel channel)
        {
            DiscordChannel chan = ChannelManager.Id(channel.Id);
            Debug.Assert(chan != null, "channel is null");

            chan.Name = channel.Name;

            if (chan.Type == DiscordChannelType.Private)
            {
                // update recipients
            } else
            {
                // update permissions too
                chan.Position = channel.Position ?? 0;
            }

            if (chan.Type == DiscordChannelType.Voice)
            {
                chan.Bitrate = channel.Bitrate ?? 0;
                chan.UserLimit = channel.UserLimit ?? 0;
            } else
            {
                chan.Topic = channel.Topic;
                chan.LastMessageId = channel.LastMessageId ?? 0;
            }

            OnChannelUpdate?.Invoke(chan);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnChannelDelete(GatewayShard shard, Channel channel)
        {
            DiscordChannel chan = ChannelManager.Id(channel.Id);
            Debug.Assert(chan != null, "channel is null");

            ChannelManager.Remove(chan);
            OnChannelDelete?.Invoke(chan);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildBanAdd(GatewayShard shard, User sUser)
        {
            /*$"Id:           {user.Id}",
            $"Guild Id:     {user.GuildId}",
            $"Username:     {user.Username}",
            $"Tag:          {user.Tag:0000}",
            $"Avatar Hash:  {user.AvatarHash}",
            $"Is bot?:      {user.IsBot}",
            $"Has MFA?:     {user.HasMFA}",
            $"Is verified?: {user.IsVerified}",
            $"E-mail:       {user.EMail}"*/

            DiscordUser user = UserManager.Id(sUser.Id);
            Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");

            Debug.Assert(sUser.GuildId.HasValue, "Guild ID does not have a value.");
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(sUser.GuildId ?? 0);

            Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");
            
            OnBanAdd?.Invoke(user, server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildBanRemove(GatewayShard shard, User sUser)
        {
            /*$"Id:           {user.Id}",
            $"Guild Id:     {user.GuildId}",
            $"Username:     {user.Username}",
            $"Tag:          {user.Tag:0000}",
            $"Avatar Hash:  {user.AvatarHash}",
            $"Is bot?:      {user.IsBot}",
            $"Has MFA?:     {user.HasMFA}",
            $"Is verified?: {user.IsVerified}",
            $"E-mail:       {user.EMail}"*/

            DiscordUser user = UserManager.Id(sUser.Id);
            Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");

            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(sUser.GuildId ?? 0);

            Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            OnBanRemove?.Invoke(user, server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildCreate(GatewayShard shard, Guild guild)
        {
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(guild.Id);

            if (server == null)
            {
                server = new DiscordServer(this, guild);
                ServerManager.Add(server);
            }
            else
            {
                server.Name = guild.Name;
                server.OwnerId = guild.OwnerId ?? 0;
                server.IconHash = guild.IconHash;
                server.Created = guild.Created ?? DateTime.MinValue;
            }

            if (guild.Channels != null)
                for (int i = 0; i < guild.Channels.Length; i++)
                {
                    Channel channel = guild.Channels[i];
                    channel.GuildId = server.Id;

                    if (ChannelManager.Exists(channel.Id))
                        ShardManager_OnChannelUpdate(shard, channel);
                    else
                        ShardManager_OnChannelCreate(shard, channel);
                }

            if (guild.Roles != null)
                foreach (Role role in guild.Roles) {
                    GuildRole gRole = new GuildRole
                    {
                        Guild = server.Id,
                        Role = role,
                        RoleId = role.Id
                    };

                    if (RoleManager.Exists(role.Id))
                        ShardManager_OnGuildRoleUpdate(shard, gRole);
                    else
                        ShardManager_OnGuildRoleCreate(shard, gRole);
                }

            shard.Send(GatewayOPCode.RequestGuildMembers, new GatewayRequestGuildMembers {
                Guild = server.Id,
                Query = string.Empty,
                Limit = 0,
            });

            OnServerCreate?.Invoke(server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildDelete(GatewayShard shard, Guild guild)
        {
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(guild.Id);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            server.Name = guild.Name;
            server.OwnerId = guild.OwnerId ?? 0;
            /*server.VoiceRegionId = guild.VoiceRegionId;
            server.AfkChannelId = guild.AfkChannelId;
            server.AfkTimeout = guild.AfkTimeout;
            server.EmbedEnabled = guild.EmbedEnabled;
            server.EmbedChannelId = guild.EmbedChannelId;
            server.VerificationLevel = guild.VerificationLevel;
            server.MessageNotificationLevel = guild.MessageNotificationLevel;
            server.Roles = guild.Roles;
            server.Emojis = guild.Emojis;
            server.Features = guild.Features;
            server.MultiFactorAuthLevel = guild.MultiFactorAuthLevel;*/

            OnServerDelete?.Invoke(server);

            // NOT THREAD SAFE AT ALL
            MessageManager  .Server(server).ToList().ForEach(x => MessageManager.Remove(x));
            ChannelManager  .Server(server).ToList().ForEach(x => ChannelManager.Remove(x));
            MemberManager   .Server(server).ToList().ForEach(x => MemberManager.Remove(x));
            RoleManager     .Server(server).ToList().ForEach(x => RoleManager.Remove(x));

            ServerManager.Remove(server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildUpdate(GatewayShard shard, Guild guild)
        {
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(guild.Id);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            server.Name = guild.Name;
            server.OwnerId = guild.OwnerId ?? 0;
            server.IconHash = guild.IconHash;
            /*server.VoiceRegionId = guild.VoiceRegionId;
            server.AfkChannelId = guild.AfkChannelId;
            server.AfkTimeout = guild.AfkTimeout;
            server.EmbedEnabled = guild.EmbedEnabled;
            server.EmbedChannelId = guild.EmbedChannelId;
            server.VerificationLevel = guild.VerificationLevel;
            server.MessageNotificationLevel = guild.MessageNotificationLevel;
            server.Roles = guild.Roles;
            server.Emojis = guild.Emojis;
            server.Features = guild.Features;
            server.MultiFactorAuthLevel = guild.MultiFactorAuthLevel;*/

            OnServerUpdate?.Invoke(server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildEmojisUpdate(GatewayShard shard, Guild guild)
        {
            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(guild.Id);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            //servers.Emojis = guild.Emojis;
            OnEmojisUpdate?.Invoke(server);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildMemberAdd(GatewayShard shard, GuildMember sMember)
        {
            Debug.Assert(sMember.GuildId.HasValue, "GuildId has no value");

            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(sMember.GuildId ?? 0);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            DiscordUser user = UserManager.Id(sMember.User.Id);
            //Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");

            if (user == null)
            {
                user = new DiscordUser(this, sMember.User);
                UserManager.Add(user);
            }

            DiscordMember member = new DiscordMember(this, sMember, user, server);
            MemberManager.Add(member);
            OnMemberAdd?.Invoke(member);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildMemberUpdate(GatewayShard shard, GuildMember sMember)
        {
            Debug.Assert(sMember.GuildId.HasValue, "GuildId has no value");

            DiscordMember member = MemberManager.Id(sMember.GuildId ?? 0, sMember.User.Id);
            Debug.Assert(member != null, "member is null");

            member.Nickname = sMember.Nickname;
            member.IsDeaf = sMember.IsDeafened == true;
            member.IsMute = sMember.IsMuted == true;
            member.roles = new List<ulong>(sMember.Roles);

            OnMemberUpdate?.Invoke(member);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildMemberRemove(GatewayShard shard, GuildMember sMember)
        {
            Debug.Assert(sMember.GuildId.HasValue, "GuildId has no value");

            DiscordMember member = MemberManager.Id(sMember.GuildId ?? 0, sMember.User.Id);
            Debug.Assert(member != null, "member is null");
            
            MemberManager.Remove(member);
            OnMemberRemove?.Invoke(member);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildRoleCreate(GatewayShard shard, GuildRole sRole)
        {
            /*$"Guild Id:         {role.Guild}",
            $"Id:               {role.Role.Value.Id}",
            $"Name:             {role.Role.Value.Name}",
            $"Colour:           {role.Role.Value.Colour}",
            $"Is Hoisted?:      {role.Role.Value.IsHoisted}",
            $"Position:         {role.Role.Value.Position}",
            $"Is Managed?:      {role.Role.Value.IsManaged}",
            $"Is Mentionable?:  {role.Role.Value.IsMentionable}",
            $"Permissions:      {role.Role.Value.Permissions}"*/

            DiscordServer server = ServerManager.Id(sRole.Guild);
            Debug.Assert(server != null, "server is null");

            DiscordRole role = RoleManager.Id(sRole.Role.Value.Id);
            //Debug.Assert(role != null, "role is null");

            // fixme
            if (server == null)
                return;

            if (role == null)
            {
                role = new DiscordRole(this, sRole.Role.Value, server);
                RoleManager.Add(role);
            } else
            {
                role.Colour.Raw = sRole.Role.Value.Colour.Value;
            }

            OnRoleCreate?.Invoke(role);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildRoleDelete(GatewayShard shard, GuildRole sRole)
        {
            Debug.Assert(sRole.RoleId.HasValue, "RoleId has no value");
            DiscordRole role = RoleManager.Id(sRole.RoleId ?? 0);
            Debug.Assert(role != null, "role is null");
            
            // NOT THREAD SAFE
            MemberManager.Role(role).ToList().ForEach(x => x.roles.RemoveAll(y => y == role.Id));
            RoleManager.Remove(role);

            OnRoleDelete?.Invoke(role);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildRoleUpdate(GatewayShard shard, GuildRole sRole)
        {
            Debug.Assert(sRole.Role.HasValue, "Role has no value");
            Role dRole = sRole.Role.Value;

            DiscordRole role = RoleManager.Id(dRole.Id);
            Debug.Assert(role != null, "role is null");
            
            role.Name = dRole.Name;
            role.IsHoisted = dRole.IsHoisted == true;
            role.IsMentionable = dRole.IsMentionable == true;
            role.Perms = (DiscordPermission)dRole.Permissions;
            role.Position = dRole.Position ?? 0;
            role.Colour.Raw = dRole.Colour ?? 0;

            OnRoleUpdate?.Invoke(role);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildIntegrationsUpdate(GatewayShard shard, GuildIntegration integration)
        {
            /*$"Id:                   {integration.Id}",
            $"Name:                 {integration.Name}",
            $"Type:                 {integration.Type}",
            $"Is Enabled?:          {integration.IsEnabled}",
            $"Is Syncing?:          {integration.IsSyncing}",
            $"Role Id:              {integration.RoleId}",
            $"Expire Behaviour:     {integration.ExpireBehaviour}",
            $"Expire Grace Period:  {integration.ExpireGracePeriod}",
            $"User:                 {integration.User.Id}",
            $"Account:              {integration.Account.Id}, {integration.Account.Name}",
            $"Last Sync:            {integration.LastSync}"*/
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnGuildMembersChunk(GatewayShard shard, GuildMembersChunk membersChunk)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < membersChunk.Members.Length; i++)
            {
                GuildMember member = membersChunk.Members[i];
                member.GuildId = membersChunk.Guild;
                ShardManager_OnGuildMemberAdd(shard, member);
            }
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnMessageCreate(GatewayShard shard, Message message)
        {
            DiscordChannel channel = ChannelManager.Id(message.ChannelId);
            Debug.Assert(channel != null, "channel is null");

            DiscordMember member = MemberManager.Id(channel.Server, message.User.Id);
            Debug.Assert(member != null, "member is null");

            DiscordMessage msg = new DiscordMessage(this, message, channel, member);
            MessageManager.Add(msg);
            OnMessageCreate?.Invoke(msg);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnMessageDelete(GatewayShard shard, Message message)
        {
            DiscordMessage msg = MessageManager.Id(message.Id);
            Debug.Assert(msg != null, "message is null");
            
            MessageManager.Remove(msg);
            OnMessageDelete?.Invoke(msg);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnMessageUpdate(GatewayShard shard, Message message)
        {
            DiscordMessage msg = MessageManager.Id(message.Id);
            //Debug.Assert(msg != null, "message is null");

            // basically what should happen
            if (msg == null)
            {
                using (WebRequest wr = new WebRequest(HttpMethod.GET, RestEndpoints.ChannelMessage(message.ChannelId, message.Id)))
                {
                    wr.Perform();

                    if (wr.Status != 200 || wr.Response.Length < 1)
                        throw new DiscordException("Failed to load message from API");

                    message = wr.ResponseJson<Message>();
                }

                DiscordChannel channel = ChannelManager.Id(message.ChannelId);
                Debug.Assert(channel != null, "channel is null");
                
                DiscordMember member = MemberManager.Id(channel.Server, message.User.Id) ?? MemberManager.Id(message.User.Id);
                Debug.Assert(member != null, "member is null");
                
                msg = new DiscordMessage(this, message, channel, member);
                MessageManager.Add(msg);
            } else
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message.Content))
                    msg.Text = message.Content;

                msg.IsPinned = message.IsPinned == true;
            }

            msg.Edited = DateTime.Now;

            OnMessageUpdate?.Invoke(msg);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnTypingStart(GatewayShard shard, TypingStart typing)
        {
            DiscordChannel channel = ChannelManager.Id(typing.Channel);
            Debug.Assert(channel != null, "channel is null");

            DiscordUser user = UserManager.Id(typing.User);
            Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");

            OnTypingStart?.Invoke(user, channel);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnPresenceUpdate(GatewayShard shard, Presence presence)
        {
            DiscordMember member = MemberManager.Id(presence.Guild, presence.User.Id);
            Debug.Assert(member != null, "member is null");

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(presence.User.Username))
                member.User.Username = presence.User.Username;

            if (presence.User.Tag.HasValue)
                member.User.Tag = presence.User.Tag.Value;

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(presence.User.AvatarHash))
                member.User.avatarHash = presence.User.AvatarHash;

            member.User.Game = presence.Game.HasValue ? new DiscordGame(presence.Game.Value) : null;

            if (presence.Roles != null)
                member.roles = new List<ulong>(presence.Roles);

            switch (presence.Status.ToLower())
            {
                case "online":
                    member.User.Status = DiscordUserStatus.Online;
                    break;

                case "away":
                case "idle":
                    member.User.Status = DiscordUserStatus.Idle;
                    break;

                case "dnd":
                    member.User.Status = DiscordUserStatus.DoNotDisturb;
                    break;

                case "offline":
                default:
                    member.User.Status = DiscordUserStatus.Offline;
                    break;
            }

            OnPresenceUpdate?.Invoke(member);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnReady(GatewayShard shard, GatewayReady ready)
        {
            foreach (Channel chan in ready.PrivateChannels)
            {
                DiscordChannel channel = new DiscordChannel(this, chan);

                // this shouldn't ever happen but just in case
                if (ChannelManager.Exists(channel.Id))
                    continue;

                ChannelManager.Add(channel);
            }

            foreach (Guild guild in ready.UnavailableGuilds)
            {
                DiscordServer server = new DiscordServer(this, guild);

                if (ServerManager.Exists(server.Id))
                    continue;

                ServerManager.Add(server);
            }

            DiscordUser user = new DiscordUser(this, ready.User);
            UserManager.Add(user);
            OnReady?.Invoke(user);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnResumed(GatewayShard shard)
        {
            OnReady?.Invoke(Me);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnUserUpdate(GatewayShard shard, User sUser)
        {
            /*$"Id:           {user.Id}",
            $"Guild Id:     {user.GuildId}",
            $"Username:     {user.Username}",
            $"Tag:          {user.Tag:0000}",
            $"Avatar Hash:  {user.AvatarHash}",
            $"Is bot?:      {user.IsBot}",
            $"Has MFA?:     {user.HasMFA}",
            $"Is verified?: {user.IsVerified}",
            $"E-mail:       {user.EMail}"*/

            DiscordUser user = UserManager.Id(sUser.Id);
            //Debug.Assert(user != null, "user is null");

            if (user == null)
            {
                user = new DiscordUser(this, sUser);
                UserManager.Add(user);
            }

            OnUserUpdate?.Invoke(user);
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnSocketOpen(GatewayShard shard)
        {
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnSocketClose(GatewayShard shard, bool wasClean, ushort code, string reason)
        {
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnSocketError(GatewayShard shard, Exception ex)
        {
        }

        private void ShardManager_OnSocketMessage(GatewayShard shard, string text)
        {
        }

        #endregion

        #region IDisposable

        private bool IsDisposed = false;

        /// <summary>
        /// Disconnects and releases all unmanaged objects
        /// </summary>
        private void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (IsDisposed)
                return;

            IsDisposed = true;
            Disconnect();

            ServerManager.Dispose();
            MessageManager.Dispose();
            ChannelManager.Dispose();
            MemberManager.Dispose();
            RoleManager.Dispose();
            UserManager.Dispose();

            if (disposing)
                GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }

        ~Discord()
            => Dispose(false);

        public void Dispose()
            => Dispose(true);

        #endregion
    }
}